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Red | country = France }} The Mountain ((フランス語:La Montagne)), with its members collectively called Democratic Socialists ((フランス語:Démocrate-socialistes)), was a political group of the Second French Republic. It drew its name from The Mountain, a group active in the early period of the French Revolution. Standing on a republican platform, its main opposition was the conservative Party of Order (''Parti de l'Ordre''). The Mountain achieved 25% of the vote, compared to 53% for the Party of Order. It was led by Ledru-Rollin, one of the members of the Second Republic's early provisional government. ==History== After 1849, the Barrot Party of Order-backed government sought to repress protests against alcohol excises and the '45 centime', as well as demand for cheap credit and other grievances. The ''フランス語:démoc-socs'' clandestinely organized this dissent in the face of press censorship, restrictions on political meetings, and harassment. The Mountain's broader strategy was to prepare for the 1852 legislative and Presidential elections, by continuing to espouse its utopian Christian socialist message alongside attempts to politicize the three million voters who had been disenfranchised in 1850 despite the Republic's constitution proclaiming universal (manhood) suffrage. Marx again found cause for criticism, accusing The Mountain of impotently "prophesying future victories".〔 Source: "based on the third edition, prepared by Engels (1885), as translated and published by Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1937"〕 The causes behind The Mountain's success amongst particular demographics are disputed. Margadent, McPhee, and Merriman have argued that the peasant vote signalled an acceptance of modernization, whilst Weber, Jones, Corbin have argued that peasant support was typical, even if the provincial rivalries and support for negative demands such as low taxation present were cloaked in urban political lexicon. Tombs has pointed out that the demands of voters were expressed in a number of different ways and that support was fleeting (wine growers were also prepared to back Louis-Napoléon or the Bourbons to get excise duties cut), and that peasants in the south-west and Massif Central who backed The Mountain also accepted Louis-Napoléon after his coup of 1851, and the end of the Second Republic. For the remainder of the Second Empire, Louis-Napoléon found the core of his support lay in the peasantry. Resistance to the coup d'état was most strongly present in the normally republican regions, again suggesting continuity. Thus, when the ''démoc-socs'', in the most widespread popular uprising of the 19th century, organized protests against the coup that numbered 100,000 strong, it was in mainly Protestant areas that The Mountain derived its most cohesive support. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Mountain (1849)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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